In this tutorial, we’ll discuss and implement ProgressBar in our Android Application using Kotlin.
What is a ProgressBar?
ProgressBar UI element is used to display the Progress on the app screen. We can use a ProgressBar to show the download/upload progress on the app screen.
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Android ProgressBar Types
There are two types of Progress Bar.
- Determinate ProgressBar - This is used when you can track and show the progress completed.
- Indeterminate ProgressBar - This one goes infinitely until stopped.
A ProgressDialog would hold a ProgressBar inside an Alert Dialog. ProgressDialog is now deprecated since it isn’t a good idea to show long progress in a dialog while blocking the screen.
ProgressBar Attributes
Some of the important attributes of ProgressBar are:
- android:indeterminate - used to specify the boolean value indicating the type of the ProgressBar
- android:max - The upper limit of the progress
- android:min - The lower limit of the progress
- android:progress - The steps by which the progress would be incremented.
- android:minWidth and minHeight - Used to define the dimensions of the ProgressBar
- android:progressBarTint - The tint color of the progress completed of the ProgressBar
- android:progressBarBackgroundTint - The tint color of the progress completed of the ProgressBar
- style - Used to set the style of the ProgressBar. By default it is circular. We can set the style as @style/Widget.AppCompat.ProgressBar.Horizontal for the Horizontal ProgressBar
- android:progressDrawable - Is used to set a drawable for the progress.
- android:secondaryProgress - Indicates the secondary progress value. This is used when we want to show the sub-downloads/subtasks progress.
The default tint colors are set to the colorAccent defined in the styles.xml.
Android ProgressBar XML Layout
A basic circular indeterminate ProgressBar XML layout looks like this:
<ProgressBar
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:minHeight="50dp"
android:minWidth="50dp" />In the following section, we’ll implement various types of ProgressBars in our Android app using Kotlin.
1. Android ProgressBar XML Layout Code
The code for the activity_main.xml layout is as follows.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<ProgressBar
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:minHeight="50dp"
android:minWidth="50dp" />
<ProgressBar
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:indeterminate="true"
android:minHeight="50dp"
android:minWidth="200dp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textViewHorizontalProgress"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="0" />
<ProgressBar
android:id="@+id/progressBarHorizontal"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:indeterminate="false"
android:max="100"
android:minHeight="50dp"
android:minWidth="200dp"
android:progress="1"
android:progressBackgroundTint="@android:color/darker_gray"
android:progressTint="@color/colorPrimary" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnProgressBarHorizontal"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="horizontalDeterminate"
android:text="DETERMINATE HORIZONTAL PROGRESS BAR" />
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<ProgressBar
android:id="@+id/progressBarSecondary"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:minHeight="150dp"
android:padding="8dp"
android:minWidth="150dp"
android:progressDrawable="@drawable/progress_states" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textViewPrimary"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:textColor="#000" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textViewSecondary"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="25dp"
android:layout_below="@+id/progressBarSecondary"
android:textColor="@color/colorPrimaryDark" />
</RelativeLayout>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnProgressBarSecondary"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="DETERMINATE SECONDARY PROGRESS BAR" />
</LinearLayout>In the last progress bar, we’ve set a progress drawable on the horizontal ProgressBar. The drawable.xml file is progress_states.xml.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:id="@android:id/background">
<shape android:shape="oval">
<stroke
android:width="4dp"
android:color="@color/colorPrimary" />
<solid android:color="@android:color/white" />
</shape>
</item>
<item android:id="@android:id/secondaryProgress">
<clip
android:clipOrientation="vertical"
android:gravity="bottom">
<shape android:shape="oval">
<stroke
android:width="4dp"
android:color="@android:color/black" />
<solid android:color="@android:color/white" />
</shape>
</clip>
</item>
<item android:id="@android:id/progress">
<clip
android:clipOrientation="vertical"
android:gravity="bottom">
<shape android:shape="oval">
<stroke
android:width="4dp"
android:color="@color/colorAccent" />
<solid android:color="#F288F8" />
</shape>
</clip>
</item>
</layer-list>In this drawable, we’ve created different states of the drawable. All are circular shaped and each layer would be displayed for the different states - idle, secondary progress, primary progress.
2. Kotlin Main Activity Code
Let’s look at the MainActivity.kt Kotlin class code.
package net.androidly.androidlyprogressbar
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.os.Handler
import android.view.View
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
var isStarted = false
var progressStatus = 0
var handler: Handler? = null
var secondaryHandler: Handler? = Handler()
var primaryProgressStatus = 0
var secondaryProgressStatus = 0
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
handler = Handler(Handler.Callback {
if (isStarted) {
progressStatus++
}
progressBarHorizontal.progress = progressStatus
textViewHorizontalProgress.text = "${progressStatus}/${progressBarHorizontal.max}"
handler?.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(0, 100)
true
})
handler?.sendEmptyMessage(0)
btnProgressBarSecondary.setOnClickListener {
primaryProgressStatus = 0
secondaryProgressStatus = 0
Thread(Runnable {
while (primaryProgressStatus < 100) {
primaryProgressStatus += 1
try {
Thread.sleep(1000)
} catch (e: InterruptedException) {
e.printStackTrace()
}
startSecondaryProgress()
secondaryProgressStatus = 0
secondaryHandler?.post {
progressBarSecondary.progress = primaryProgressStatus
textViewPrimary.text = "Complete $primaryProgressStatus% of 100"
if (primaryProgressStatus == 100) {
textViewPrimary.text = "All tasks completed"
}
}
}
}).start()
}
}
fun startSecondaryProgress() {
Thread(Runnable {
while (secondaryProgressStatus < 100) {
secondaryProgressStatus += 1
try {
Thread.sleep(10)
} catch (e: InterruptedException) {
e.printStackTrace()
}
secondaryHandler?.post {
progressBarSecondary.setSecondaryProgress(secondaryProgressStatus)
textViewSecondary.setText("Current task progress\n$secondaryProgressStatus% of 100")
if (secondaryProgressStatus == 100) {
textViewSecondary.setText("Single task complete.")
}
}
}
}).start()
}
fun horizontalDeterminate(view: View) {
isStarted = !isStarted
}
}The horizontalDeterminate Kotlin function is triggered when the first button is clicked. It is used to start/stop Horizontal Android ProgressBar. A Handler is associated with a single thread. It is used to send messages to the Thread. The btnProgressBarSecondary click triggers the second progress bar. We have created two handlers - one for the normal progress and second for the subtasks. In each of them, we are setting the thread to sleep. For the secondary thread, the sleep time is 1/100 of the primary progress thread. The progress value is displayed on the TextView.
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