json-simple uses Map and List internally for JSON processing. We can use json-simple for parsing JSON data as well as writing JSON to file. One of the best feature of json-simple is that it has no dependency on any third party libraries. json-simple is very lightweight API and serves well with simple JSON requirements.
json-simple maven
We can add json-simple library to our project by downloading it from here. Since json-simple is available in maven central repository, best way is to add it’s dependency in pom.xml file.
<dependency>
<groupId>com.googlecode.json-simple</groupId>
<artifactId>json-simple</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
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Example to write JSON to file
Most important class in json-simple API is org.json.simple.JSONObject. We create instance of JSONObject and put key-value pairs into it. JSONObject toJSONString method returns the JSON in String format that we can write to file. For writing list to a JSON key, we can use org.json.simple.JSONArray.
package com.journaldev.json.write;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.json.simple.JSONArray;
import org.json.simple.JSONObject;
public class JsonSimpleWriter {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
obj.put("name", "Pankaj Kumar");
obj.put("age", new Integer(32));
JSONArray cities = new JSONArray();
cities.add("New York");
cities.add("Bangalore");
cities.add("San Francisco");
obj.put("cities", cities);
try {
FileWriter file = new FileWriter("data.json");
file.write(obj.toJSONString());
file.flush();
file.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.print(obj.toJSONString());
}
}Above class will write data.json, below is the JSON content of this file.
{"cities":["New York","Bangalore","San Francisco"],"name":"Pankaj Kumar","age":32}Notice the @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") annotation on main method? This was done to avoid warnings related to Type safety. JSONObject extends HashMap but doesn’t support Generics, so Eclipse IDE gives warning as below.
Type safety: The method put(Object, Object) belongs to the raw type HashMap. References to generic type HashMap<K,V> should be parameterized
Example to read JSON from file
For reading JSON from file, we have to use org.json.simple.parser.JSONParser class. JSONParser parse method returns JSONObject. Then we can retrieve values by passing key names. Below is json-simple example to read JSON from file.
package com.journaldev.json.write;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.json.simple.JSONArray;
import org.json.simple.JSONObject;
import org.json.simple.parser.JSONParser;
import org.json.simple.parser.ParseException;
public class JsonSimpleReader {
public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, FileNotFoundException, IOException {
JSONParser parser = new JSONParser();
Reader reader = new FileReader("data.json");
Object jsonObj = parser.parse(reader);
JSONObject jsonObject = (JSONObject) jsonObj;
String name = (String) jsonObject.get("name");
System.out.println("Name = " + name);
long age = (Long) jsonObject.get("age");
System.out.println("Age = " + age);
JSONArray cities = (JSONArray) jsonObject.get("cities");
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Iterator it = cities.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
System.out.println("City = " + it.next());
}
reader.close();
}
}Above json-simple example produces following output.
Name = Pankaj Kumar
Age = 32
City = New York
City = Bangalore
City = San FranciscoThat’s all for a quick roundup. However if you want to work with complex JSON data, you should use Jackson or Gson. You can also give JSR353 a try that got added into Java 7.
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