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    Install SonarQube on CentOS 7: Step-by-Step Guide

    SonarQube is an open-source utility tailored for software quality management. Developed in Java, it accommodates various database systems. It allows for continuous code evaluation, monitors application health, and flags newly emerging code issues. Its analyzers are adept at identifying subtle problems and integrate seamlessly into DevOps pipelines.

    This guide demonstrates how to install the current version of SonarQube on a CentOS 7 system.

    Prerequisites

    • A 64-bit CentOS 7 instance with a minimum of 2 GB RAM
    • Access to a user with sudo privileges

    Step 1: Update the System

    Before proceeding with package installations, it’s advisable to update the CentOS system. Use your sudo-enabled account to log in and execute the commands below to perform the update:

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sudo yum -y install epel-release
    
sudo yum -y update
    
sudo shutdown -r now

    Once the server restarts, log in again with the sudo user credentials to continue.

    Step 2: Install Java

    Begin by downloading the Oracle SE JDK RPM package:

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wget –no-cookies –no-check-certificate –header “Cookie:oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie” “http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm”

    Then install it using:

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sudo yum -y localinstall jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm

    Verify Java installation:

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java -version

    Step 3: Install and Configure PostgreSQL

    First, set up the PostgreSQL repository:

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sudo rpm -Uvh https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/9.6/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch.rpm

    Next, install the database server and tools:

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sudo yum -y install postgresql96-server postgresql96-contrib

    Initialize PostgreSQL with:

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sudo /usr/pgsql-9.6/bin/postgresql96-setup initdb

    Edit the authentication settings:

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sudo nano /var/lib/pgsql/9.6/data/pg_hba.conf

    Locate and modify the following entries:

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# TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD
    

    # “local” is for Unix domain socket connections only
    
local all all peer
    
# IPv4 local connections:
    
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 ident
    
# IPv6 local connections:
    
host all all ::1/128 ident

    Change them to:

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# TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD
    

    # “local” is for Unix domain socket connections only
    
local all all trust
    
# IPv4 local connections:
    
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5
    
# IPv6 local connections:
    
host all all ::1/128 md5

    Start and enable PostgreSQL service:

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sudo systemctl start postgresql-9.6
    
sudo systemctl enable postgresql-9.6

    Set a new password for the default postgres user:

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sudo passwd postgres

    Switch to the postgres account:

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su – postgres

    Create a dedicated PostgreSQL user for SonarQube:

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createuser sonar

    Open the PostgreSQL shell:

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psql

    Assign a secure password to the SonarQube user:

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ALTER USER sonar WITH ENCRYPTED password ‘StrongPassword’;

    Create the SonarQube database and associate it with the user:

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CREATE DATABASE sonar OWNER sonar;

    Exit the PostgreSQL interface:

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\q

    Return to the sudo-enabled user environment:

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exit

    Step 4: Download and Configure SonarQube

    Start by retrieving the SonarQube installer archive:

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wget https://binaries.sonarsource.com/Distribution/sonarqube/sonarqube-6.4.zip

    You can always obtain the latest version from the official SonarQube downloads page.

    Install the unzip utility with:

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sudo yum -y install unzip

    Extract the archive:

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sudo unzip sonarqube-6.4.zip -d /opt

    Rename the extracted folder:

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sudo mv /opt/sonarqube-6.4 /opt/sonarqube

    Edit the SonarQube configuration file:

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sudo nano /opt/sonarqube/conf/sonar.properties

    Locate the following lines and update them:

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sonar.jdbc.username=sonar
    
sonar.jdbc.password=StrongPassword
    
sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost/sonar

    Step 5: Set Up Systemd Service

    Instead of launching SonarQube manually each time, configure a Systemd service:

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sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/sonar.service

    Insert the following configuration:

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[Unit]
    
Description=SonarQube service
    
After=syslog.target network.target
    

    [Service]
    
Type=forking
    

    ExecStart=/opt/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh start
    
ExecStop=/opt/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh stop
    

    User=root
    
Group=root
    
Restart=always
    

    [Install]
    
WantedBy=multi-user.target

    Start and enable the SonarQube service:

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sudo systemctl start sonar
    
sudo systemctl enable sonar

    To check the service status:

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sudo systemctl status sonar

    Step 6: Set Up Apache as a Reverse Proxy

    By default, SonarQube runs on port 9000 locally. To expose it over port 80 using Apache, install the HTTP server:

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sudo yum -y install httpd

    Create a virtual host configuration file:

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sudo nano /etc/httpd/conf.d/sonar.yourdomain.com.conf

    Add the following configuration:

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    ServerName sonar.yourdomain.com
    
ServerAdmin me@yourdomain.com
    
ProxyPreserveHost On
    
ProxyPass / http://localhost:9000/
    
ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:9000/
    
TransferLog /var/log/httpd/sonar.yourdomain.com_access.log
    
ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/sonar.yourdomain.com_error.log

    Enable and start the Apache web server:

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sudo systemctl start httpd
    
sudo systemctl enable httpd

    Step 7: Adjust Firewall Settings

    Allow HTTP traffic through the system firewall:

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sudo firewall-cmd –add-service=http –permanent
    
sudo firewall-cmd –reload

    Restart SonarQube:

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sudo systemctl start sonar

    Disable SELinux temporarily to avoid potential access issues:

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sudo setenforce 0

    SonarQube is now operational and can be accessed through:

    http://sonar.yourdomain.com

    Login credentials (default):

    • Username: admin
    • Password: admin

    Once logged in, you can begin analyzing your source code continuously.

    For Newer Versions

    When installing SonarQube 7.1 or later, additional adjustments are needed due to Elasticsearch restrictions on root users:

    • Update directory ownership:
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chown -R sonar:sonar /opt/sonarqube
    • Edit the sonar.sh startup script to run as the sonar user:

    Update the line from:

    #RUN_AS_USER=

    To:

    RUN_AS_USER=sonar

    • Modify the systemd unit file to reflect the sonar user and group.

    Conclusion

    By following this comprehensive tutorial, you’ve successfully set up SonarQube on CentOS 7, integrated PostgreSQL, configured a systemd service, and established Apache as a reverse proxy. This configuration allows you to manage and evaluate code quality continuously in a production-ready environment. Don’t forget to secure your installation for long-term stability and compliance with best practices.

    Source: vultr.com

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